| Согласные
|
| МФА |
Диалектные варианты произношения |
Примеры
|
| b
|
|
but, web
|
| d
|
ɾ
|
do, odd
|
| ð
|
d̪
|
this, breathe, father
|
| ʤ
|
|
gin, joy, edge
|
| f
|
|
fool, enough, leaf, photo
|
| ɡ
|
|
go, get, beg
|
| h
|
ɦ, ç
|
ham, ahead
|
| j
|
|
yes, hallelujah
|
| k
|
kʰ
|
cat, kill, skin, queen, thick
|
| l
|
l, ɫ, ɤ, w, o, ʊ, ʟ
|
left, bell
|
| m
|
ɱ
|
man, ham
|
| n
|
|
no, tin
|
| ŋ
|
|
ringer, sing, sink
|
| ŋɡ
|
|
finger
|
| θ
|
θ, t̪
|
thing, teeth
|
| p
|
pʰ, p
|
pen, spin, tip
|
| ɹ
|
ɹʷ, ɹ, ɾ, ɻ, ʋ
|
run, very
|
| s
|
|
see, city, pass
|
| ʃ
|
|
she, sure, emotion, leash, session
|
| t
|
tʰ, ɾ, ʔ
|
two, sting, bet
|
| tʃ
|
t͡ʃʰ
|
chair, nature, teach
|
| v
|
|
voice, have
|
| w
|
|
we
|
| ʍ
|
|
what[1]
|
| z
|
|
zoo, rose
|
| ʒ
|
|
pleasure, vision, beige[2]
|
| Согласные с придыханием
|
| x
|
|
ugh, loch, Chanukah[3]
|
| ʔ
|
|
uh-oh /ˈʌʔoʊ/,
Hawai‘i /həˈwaɪʔiː/[4]
|
|
| Гласные
|
| МФА |
Примеры |
Гласные эризованные
|
| æ
|
bad, pat
|
ær
|
barrow, marry
|
| ɑː
|
balm, father, pa
|
ɑr
|
bar, mar
|
| ɒ
|
bod, pot, cot[5]
|
ɒr
|
moral, forage
|
| ɔː
|
bawd, paw, caught
|
ɔr
|
born, for
|
| əʊ
|
beau, hoe, poke[6]
|
ɔər
|
boar, four, more
|
| ʊ
|
good, foot, put
|
ʊər
|
boor, moor
|
| uː
|
booed, food
|
| ʌ
|
bud, butt
|
ʌr
|
hurry, Murray
|
| ɜr
|
bird, myrrh, furry
|
| ɛ
|
bed, pet
|
ɛr
|
berry, merry
|
| eɪ
|
bay, hey, fate
|
ɛər
|
bear, mare, Mary
|
| ɪ
|
bid, pit
|
ɪr
|
mirror
|
| i
|
happy, city
|
| ɪər
|
beer, mere
|
| iː
|
bead, peat
|
| Дифтонги
|
Безударные и редуцированные гласные
|
| аɪ
|
buy, high, ride, write
|
ə
|
Rosa’s, above
|
| aʊ
|
bough, how, pout
|
əl
|
bottle
|
| ɔɪ
|
boy, hoy
|
əm
|
rhythm
|
| juː
|
beauty, hue, pew, dew
|
ən
|
button
|
| Разделение по слогам
|
ər
|
runner, mercer
|
| .
|
moai /ˈmoʊ.аɪ/
|
ɨ
|
roses, business
|
| Ударение
|
| МФА |
Примеры
|
| ˈ
|
intonation /ˌɪntəˈneɪʃən/
|
| ˌ
|
|
